/* Copyright (C) 1996,1997,2000,2001, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 * 
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
 * 02110-1301 USA
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include "libguile/_scm.h"
#include "libguile/print.h"
#include "libguile/dynwind.h"
#include "libguile/fluids.h"
#include "libguile/alist.h"
#include "libguile/eval.h"
#include "libguile/ports.h"
#include "libguile/deprecation.h"
#include "libguile/lang.h"
#include "libguile/validate.h"

#define FLUID_GROW 20

/* A lot of the complexity below stems from the desire to reuse fluid
   slots.  Normally, fluids should be pretty global and long-lived
   things, so that reusing their slots should not be overly critical,
   but it is the right thing to do nevertheless.  The code therefore
   puts the burdon on allocating and collection fluids and keeps
   accessing fluids lock free.  This is achieved by manipulating the
   global state of the fluid machinery mostly in single threaded
   sections.

   Reusing a fluid slot means that it must be reset to #f in all
   dynamic states.  We do this by maintaining a weak list of all
   dynamic states, which is used after a GC to do the resetting.

   Also, the fluid vectors in the dynamic states need to grow from
   time to time when more fluids are created.  We do this in a single
   threaded section so that threads do not need to lock when accessing
   a fluid in the normal way.
*/

static scm_i_pthread_mutex_t fluid_admin_mutex = SCM_I_PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

/* Protected by fluid_admin_mutex, but also accessed during GC.  See
   next_fluid_num for a discussion of this.
 */
static size_t allocated_fluids_len = 0;
static size_t allocated_fluids_num = 0;
static char *allocated_fluids = NULL;

#define IS_FLUID(x)         (!SCM_IMP (x) && SCM_TYP7 (x) == scm_tc7_fluid)
#define FLUID_NUM(x)        ((size_t)SCM_CELL_WORD_1(x))

#define IS_DYNAMIC_STATE(x) (!SCM_IMP (x) && SCM_TYP7 (x) == scm_tc7_dynamic_state)
#define DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS(x)        SCM_PACK (SCM_CELL_WORD_1 (x))
#define SET_DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS(x, y) SCM_SET_CELL_WORD_1 ((x), (SCM_UNPACK (y)))



/* Grow STATE so that it can hold up to ALLOCATED_FLUIDS_NUM fluids.  */
static void
grow_dynamic_state (SCM state)
{
  SCM new_fluids;
  SCM old_fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (state);
  size_t i, new_len, old_len = SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (old_fluids);

 retry:
  new_len = allocated_fluids_num;
  new_fluids = scm_c_make_vector (new_len, SCM_BOOL_F);

  scm_i_pthread_mutex_lock (&fluid_admin_mutex);
  if (new_len != allocated_fluids_num)
    {
      /* We lost the race.  */
      scm_i_pthread_mutex_unlock (&fluid_admin_mutex);
      goto retry;
    }

  assert (allocated_fluids_num > old_len);

  for (i = 0; i < old_len; i++)
    SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_SET (new_fluids, i,
			   SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_REF (old_fluids, i));
  SET_DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (state, new_fluids);

  scm_i_pthread_mutex_unlock (&fluid_admin_mutex);
}

void
scm_i_fluid_print (SCM exp, SCM port, scm_print_state *pstate SCM_UNUSED)
{
  scm_puts ("#<fluid ", port);
  scm_intprint ((int) FLUID_NUM (exp), 10, port);
  scm_putc ('>', port);
}

void
scm_i_dynamic_state_print (SCM exp, SCM port, scm_print_state *pstate SCM_UNUSED)
{
  scm_puts ("#<dynamic-state ", port);
  scm_intprint (SCM_UNPACK (exp), 16, port);
  scm_putc ('>', port);
}

static size_t
next_fluid_num ()
{
  size_t n;

  scm_dynwind_begin (0);
  scm_i_dynwind_pthread_mutex_lock (&fluid_admin_mutex);

  if ((allocated_fluids_len > 0) &&
      (allocated_fluids_num == allocated_fluids_len))
    {
      /* All fluid numbers are in use.  Run a GC to try to free some
	 up.
      */
      scm_gc ();
    }

  if (allocated_fluids_num < allocated_fluids_len)
    {
      for (n = 0; n < allocated_fluids_len; n++)
	if (allocated_fluids[n] == 0)
	  break;
    }
  else
    {
      /* Grow the vector of allocated fluids.  */
      /* FIXME: Since we use `scm_malloc ()', ALLOCATED_FLUIDS is scanned by
	 the GC; therefore, all fluids remain reachable for the entire
	 program lifetime.  Hopefully this is not a problem in practice.  */
      char *new_allocated_fluids =
	scm_gc_malloc (allocated_fluids_len + FLUID_GROW,
		       "allocated fluids");

      /* Copy over old values and initialize rest.  GC can not run
	 during these two operations since there is no safe point in
	 them.
      */
      memcpy (new_allocated_fluids, allocated_fluids, allocated_fluids_len);
      memset (new_allocated_fluids + allocated_fluids_len, 0, FLUID_GROW);
      n = allocated_fluids_len;

      /* Update the vector of allocated fluids.  Dynamic states will
	 eventually be lazily grown to accomodate the new value of
	 ALLOCATED_FLUIDS_LEN in `fluid-ref' and `fluid-set!'.  */
      allocated_fluids = new_allocated_fluids;
      allocated_fluids_len += FLUID_GROW;
    }
  
  allocated_fluids_num += 1;
  allocated_fluids[n] = 1;
  
  scm_dynwind_end ();
  return n;
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_make_fluid, "make-fluid", 0, 0, 0, 
	    (),
	    "Return a newly created fluid.\n"
	    "Fluids are objects that can hold one\n"
	    "value per dynamic state.  That is, modifications to this value are\n"
	    "only visible to code that executes with the same dynamic state as\n"
	    "the modifying code.  When a new dynamic state is constructed, it\n"
	    "inherits the values from its parent.  Because each thread normally executes\n"
	    "with its own dynamic state, you can use fluids for thread local storage.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_make_fluid
{
  return scm_cell (scm_tc7_fluid, (scm_t_bits) next_fluid_num ());
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM_DEFINE (scm_fluid_p, "fluid?", 1, 0, 0, 
	    (SCM obj),
	    "Return @code{#t} iff @var{obj} is a fluid; otherwise, return\n"
	    "@code{#f}.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_fluid_p
{
  return scm_from_bool (IS_FLUID (obj));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

int
scm_is_fluid (SCM obj)
{
  return IS_FLUID (obj);
}



SCM_DEFINE (scm_fluid_ref, "fluid-ref", 1, 0, 0, 
	    (SCM fluid),
	    "Return the value associated with @var{fluid} in the current\n"
	    "dynamic root.  If @var{fluid} has not been set, then return\n"
	    "@code{#f}.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_fluid_ref
{
  SCM fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);

  SCM_VALIDATE_FLUID (1, fluid);

  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (FLUID_NUM (fluid) >= SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids)))
    {
      /* We should only get there when the current thread's dynamic state
	 turns out to be too small compared to the set of currently allocated
	 fluids.  */
      assert (SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids) < allocated_fluids_num);

      /* Lazily grow the current thread's dynamic state.  */
      grow_dynamic_state (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);

      fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
    }

  return SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_REF (fluids, FLUID_NUM (fluid));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM_DEFINE (scm_fluid_set_x, "fluid-set!", 2, 0, 0,
	    (SCM fluid, SCM value),
	    "Set the value associated with @var{fluid} in the current dynamic root.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_fluid_set_x
{
  SCM fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);

  SCM_VALIDATE_FLUID (1, fluid);

  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (FLUID_NUM (fluid) >= SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids)))
    {
      /* We should only get there when the current thread's dynamic state
	 turns out to be too small compared to the set of currently allocated
	 fluids.  */
      assert (SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids) < allocated_fluids_num);

      /* Lazily grow the current thread's dynamic state.  */
      grow_dynamic_state (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);

      fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
    }

  SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_SET (fluids, FLUID_NUM (fluid), value);
  return SCM_UNSPECIFIED;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

static SCM
apply_thunk (void *thunk)
{
  return scm_call_0 (SCM_PACK (thunk));
}

SCM
scm_i_make_with_fluids (size_t n, SCM *fluids, SCM *vals)
{
  SCM ret;

  /* Ensure that there are no duplicates in the fluids set -- an N^2 operation,
     but N will usually be small, so perhaps that's OK. */
  {
    size_t i, j = n;

    while (j--)
      for (i = 0; i < j; i++)
        if (fluids[i] == fluids[j])
          {
            vals[i] = vals[j]; /* later bindings win */
            n--;
            break;
          }
  }
        
  ret = scm_words (scm_tc7_with_fluids | (n << 8), 1 + n*2);
  SCM_SET_CELL_WORD_1 (ret, n);

  while (n--)
    {
      if (SCM_UNLIKELY (!IS_FLUID (fluids[n])))
        scm_wrong_type_arg ("with-fluids", 0, fluids[n]);
      SCM_SET_CELL_OBJECT (ret, 1 + n * 2, fluids[n]);
      SCM_SET_CELL_OBJECT (ret, 2 + n * 2, vals[n]);
    }

  return ret;
}
  
void
scm_i_swap_with_fluids (SCM wf, SCM dynstate)
{
  SCM fluids;
  size_t i, max = 0;

  fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (dynstate);

  /* We could cache the max in the with-fluids, but that would take more mem,
     and we're touching all the fluids anyway, so this per-swap traversal should
     be OK. */
  for (i = 0; i < SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_LEN (wf); i++)
    {
      size_t num = FLUID_NUM (SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_NTH_FLUID (wf, i));
      max = (max > num) ? max : num;
    }

  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (max >= SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids)))
    {
      /* We should only get there when the current thread's dynamic state turns
         out to be too small compared to the set of currently allocated
         fluids. */
      assert (SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_LENGTH (fluids) < allocated_fluids_num);

      /* Lazily grow the current thread's dynamic state.  */
      grow_dynamic_state (dynstate);

      fluids = DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (dynstate);
    }

  /* Bind the fluids. Order doesn't matter, as all fluids are distinct. */
  for (i = 0; i < SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_LEN (wf); i++)
    {
      size_t fluid_num;
      SCM x;
      
      fluid_num = FLUID_NUM (SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_NTH_FLUID (wf, i));
      x = SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_REF (fluids, fluid_num);
      SCM_SIMPLE_VECTOR_SET (fluids, fluid_num,
                             SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_NTH_VAL (wf, i));
      SCM_WITH_FLUIDS_SET_NTH_VAL (wf, i, x);
    }
}
  
SCM_DEFINE (scm_with_fluids, "with-fluids*", 3, 0, 0, 
	    (SCM fluids, SCM values, SCM thunk),
	    "Set @var{fluids} to @var{values} temporary, and call @var{thunk}.\n"
	    "@var{fluids} must be a list of fluids and @var{values} must be the same\n"
	    "number of their values to be applied.  Each substitution is done\n"
	    "one after another.  @var{thunk} must be a procedure with no argument.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_with_fluids
{
  return scm_c_with_fluids (fluids, values,
			    apply_thunk, (void *) SCM_UNPACK (thunk));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM
scm_c_with_fluids (SCM fluids, SCM values, SCM (*cproc) (), void *cdata)
#define FUNC_NAME "scm_c_with_fluids"
{
  SCM wf, ans;
  long flen, vlen, i;
  SCM *fluidsv, *valuesv;

  SCM_VALIDATE_LIST_COPYLEN (1, fluids, flen);
  SCM_VALIDATE_LIST_COPYLEN (2, values, vlen);
  if (flen != vlen)
    scm_out_of_range (s_scm_with_fluids, values);

  if (SCM_UNLIKELY (flen == 0))
    return cproc (cdata);

  fluidsv = alloca (sizeof(SCM)*flen);
  valuesv = alloca (sizeof(SCM)*flen);
  
  for (i = 0; i < flen; i++)
    {
      fluidsv[i] = SCM_CAR (fluids);
      fluids = SCM_CDR (fluids);
      valuesv[i] = SCM_CAR (values);
      values = SCM_CDR (values);
    }

  wf = scm_i_make_with_fluids (flen, fluidsv, valuesv);
  scm_i_swap_with_fluids (wf, SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
  scm_i_set_dynwinds (scm_cons (wf, scm_i_dynwinds ()));
  ans = cproc (cdata);
  scm_i_swap_with_fluids (wf, SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
  scm_i_set_dynwinds (scm_cdr (scm_i_dynwinds ()));

  return ans;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM_DEFINE (scm_with_fluid, "with-fluid*", 3, 0, 0, 
	    (SCM fluid, SCM value, SCM thunk),
	    "Set @var{fluid} to @var{value} temporarily, and call @var{thunk}.\n"
	    "@var{thunk} must be a procedure with no argument.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_with_fluid
{
  return scm_c_with_fluid (fluid, value,
			   apply_thunk, (void *) SCM_UNPACK (thunk));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM
scm_c_with_fluid (SCM fluid, SCM value, SCM (*cproc) (), void *cdata)
#define FUNC_NAME "scm_c_with_fluid"
{
  SCM ans, wf;

  wf = scm_i_make_with_fluids (1, &fluid, &value);
  scm_i_swap_with_fluids (wf, SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
  scm_i_set_dynwinds (scm_cons (wf, scm_i_dynwinds ()));
  ans = cproc (cdata);
  scm_i_swap_with_fluids (wf, SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state);
  scm_i_set_dynwinds (scm_cdr (scm_i_dynwinds ()));

  return ans;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

static void
swap_fluid (SCM data)
{
  SCM f = SCM_CAR (data);
  SCM t = scm_fluid_ref (f);
  scm_fluid_set_x (f, SCM_CDR (data));
  SCM_SETCDR (data, t);
}

void
scm_dynwind_fluid (SCM fluid, SCM value)
{
  SCM data = scm_cons (fluid, value);
  scm_dynwind_rewind_handler_with_scm (swap_fluid, data, SCM_F_WIND_EXPLICITLY);
  scm_dynwind_unwind_handler_with_scm (swap_fluid, data, SCM_F_WIND_EXPLICITLY);
}

SCM
scm_i_make_initial_dynamic_state ()
{
  SCM fluids = scm_c_make_vector (allocated_fluids_len, SCM_BOOL_F);
  return scm_cell (scm_tc7_dynamic_state, SCM_UNPACK (fluids));
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_make_dynamic_state, "make-dynamic-state", 0, 1, 0,
	    (SCM parent),
	    "Return a copy of the dynamic state object @var{parent}\n"
	    "or of the current dynamic state when @var{parent} is omitted.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_make_dynamic_state
{
  SCM fluids;

  if (SCM_UNBNDP (parent))
    parent = scm_current_dynamic_state ();

  SCM_ASSERT (IS_DYNAMIC_STATE (parent), parent, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
  fluids = scm_vector_copy (DYNAMIC_STATE_FLUIDS (parent));
  return scm_cell (scm_tc7_dynamic_state, SCM_UNPACK (fluids));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM_DEFINE (scm_dynamic_state_p, "dynamic-state?", 1, 0, 0,
	    (SCM obj),
	    "Return @code{#t} if @var{obj} is a dynamic state object;\n"
	    "return @code{#f} otherwise")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_dynamic_state_p
{
  return scm_from_bool (IS_DYNAMIC_STATE (obj));
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

int
scm_is_dynamic_state (SCM obj)
{
  return IS_DYNAMIC_STATE (obj);
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_current_dynamic_state, "current-dynamic-state", 0, 0, 0,
	    (),
	    "Return the current dynamic state object.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_current_dynamic_state
{
  return SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD->dynamic_state;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

SCM_DEFINE (scm_set_current_dynamic_state, "set-current-dynamic-state", 1,0,0,
	    (SCM state),
	    "Set the current dynamic state object to @var{state}\n"
	    "and return the previous current dynamic state object.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_set_current_dynamic_state
{
  scm_i_thread *t = SCM_I_CURRENT_THREAD;
  SCM old = t->dynamic_state;
  SCM_ASSERT (IS_DYNAMIC_STATE (state), state, SCM_ARG1, FUNC_NAME);
  t->dynamic_state = state;
  return old;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME

static void
swap_dynamic_state (SCM loc)
{
  SCM_SETCAR (loc, scm_set_current_dynamic_state (SCM_CAR (loc)));
}

void
scm_dynwind_current_dynamic_state (SCM state)
{
  SCM loc = scm_cons (state, SCM_EOL);
  SCM_ASSERT (IS_DYNAMIC_STATE (state), state, SCM_ARG1, NULL);
  scm_dynwind_rewind_handler_with_scm (swap_dynamic_state, loc,
				     SCM_F_WIND_EXPLICITLY);
  scm_dynwind_unwind_handler_with_scm (swap_dynamic_state, loc,
				     SCM_F_WIND_EXPLICITLY);
}

void *
scm_c_with_dynamic_state (SCM state, void *(*func)(void *), void *data)
{
  void *result;
  scm_dynwind_begin (SCM_F_DYNWIND_REWINDABLE);
  scm_dynwind_current_dynamic_state (state);
  result = func (data);
  scm_dynwind_end ();
  return result;
}

SCM_DEFINE (scm_with_dynamic_state, "with-dynamic-state", 2, 0, 0,
	    (SCM state, SCM proc),
	    "Call @var{proc} while @var{state} is the current dynamic\n"
	    "state object.")
#define FUNC_NAME s_scm_with_dynamic_state
{
  SCM result;
  scm_dynwind_begin (SCM_F_DYNWIND_REWINDABLE);
  scm_dynwind_current_dynamic_state (state);
  result = scm_call_0 (proc);
  scm_dynwind_end ();
  return result;
}
#undef FUNC_NAME


void
scm_init_fluids ()
{
#include "libguile/fluids.x"
}

/*
  Local Variables:
  c-file-style: "gnu"
  End:
*/